The L298 IC requires 5V to operate, this is why we have a built-in 5V Linear Regulator. The voltage required to power the motor is provided to the Motor Power and Ground screw terminal, the voltage range should be between 7V to 35V. The motors to be controlled (Motor A and B) are connected to screw terminals. The pinout diagram of the L298N Motor Driver Module is shown below. The voltage rating of these motors can be between 5V to 35V and the peak current value can be up to 2A. The L298N Motor Driver module is based on the L298 Dual Full-Bridge Driver IC and can control the speed and direction of two DC motors (Motor A and Motor B) simultaneously. While the L293D motor driver module can be used for basic low current application the L298N Motor driver module is a high current motor driver with some additional features that are commonly used with Arduino and Raspberry Pi for Robotics applications. This is why we commonly use Motor Driver modules like the L293D Motor Driver Module and the L298N Motor Driver Module. A microcontroller that normally operates on 5V or 3.3V cannot be directly used to control a DC motor operating on higher voltage and current rating.
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